"Date created" in photo properties not correct

[Windows 11]

I'm sorting and organizing photos, many of them by the date they were taken. The majority don't have dates in the name. I thought I'd be smart and right click to look at the Properties for the date created but the created date is showing the date I transferred the pics to the computer I'm using right now. The modified date is sometimes a) - an unknown date that doesn't make sense, b) - a date very near the correct creation date, or c) - a date prior to what the real creation date is (1-3 months preceding an event that I know took place on a certain date but the Properties shows a random date t

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